Tecnologías emergentes y aprendizaje universitario: revisión sistemática de su efectividad pedagógica y condiciones de implementación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36097/rsan.v1i66.4039Palabras clave:
Simulaciones educativas, realidad aumentada, laboratorios virtuales, educación superior, aprendizaje basado en simulaciónResumen
En el contexto contemporáneo, la transformación digital de la educación superior, tecnologías emergentes como las simulaciones, la realidad aumentada y los laboratorios virtuales, han adquirido relevancia por su potencial para mejorar procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje; sin embargo, la evidencia sobre su efectividad presenta resultados heterogéneos y dispersos. En este sentido, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar, de manera crítica y sistemática, la evidencia empírica existente sobre el uso de estas tecnologías emergentes en el ámbito de la educación superior, enfocándose en su impacto educativo y los principales límites que se derivan de su aplicación desde el propio campo pedagógico y no solo desde el ámbito tecnológico. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo los lineamientos de la metodología PRISMA. Para esto se examinaron investigaciones empíricas sobre el uso de tecnologías emergentes y que tuvieran como variables, los resultados de aprendizaje, motivación, retención del conocimiento y desarrollo de habilidades. El análisis mostró que estas tecnologías pueden mejorar el aprendizaje conceptual, retención y transferencia de conocimiento, además del desarrollo de habilidades prácticas y espaciales. Sin embargo, su eficacia está mediada por factores pedagógicos, diseño instruccional y contexto de implementación. Como limitaciones deben mencionarse la poca cantidad de investigaciones estandarizadas, tamaños de muestra reducidos y evaluación escasa de los efectos a largo plazo. En general, los resultados muestran el alto potencial educativo de este tipo de tecnologías, aunque requieren de planteamientos pedagógicos robustos y más evidencias comparativas para fundamentar la eficacia de su empleo en la educación superior.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Daliannis Rodríguez Céspedes, Julio Vicente Chumbay Guncay, Mario A. García, Yilena Montero Reyes
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
