El Burnout en el personal de salud y su prevención: Una revisión sistemática

Geny Margoth  Rivera Salazar; Javier Isidro  Rodríguez López; Rita Amarilis  Pérez Licea; Marx Anthony Alarcón Rivera

doi:10.36097/rsan.v1i59.3022

Autores/as

Geny Margoth Rivera Salazar Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7704-7339
Javier Isidro Rodríguez López Universidad de Guanajuato de México https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-4152
Rita Amarilis Pérez Licea Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-980X
Marx Anthony Alarcón Rivera Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0823-6645

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36097/rsan.v1i59.3022

Palabras clave:

síndrome de Burnout, estrategias de prevención del agotamiento, trabajadores de la salud

Resumen

El síndrome de Burnout provoca extenuación tanto mental como física y es especialmente prevalente entre los profesionales de la salud. El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar estrategias de prevención del síndrome de Burnout efectivas para los profesionales de la salud. Para ello se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura, donde se utilizó la metodología de revisión de Kitchenham, la estructura PICO para formular la pregunta de investigación y las directrices de PRISMA. Se analizaron un total de 1293 artículos de bases de datos seleccionadas, que finalmente se redujeron a 13 artículos pertinentes. Los hallazgos destacaron la eficacia de las estrategias organizativas en los entornos médicos, pero su impacto directo en el síndrome de Burnout no es concluyente debido a su naturaleza multifacética. Aunque las intervenciones personales mostraron éxito a la hora de mitigar las emociones negativas, surgieron preocupaciones con respecto a la sostenibilidad de sus efectos. Entre las limitaciones destacables figuran la falta de medidas de resultado estandarizadas en todos los estudios.

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Citas

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